Development of an Artificial Intelligence-Powered Mobile Application for Comprehensive Livestock Management in Sri Lanka: Health Monitoring, Nutrition Planning, and Disease Prediction

Abstract

Livestock management in Sri Lanka remains largely dependent on manual practices and farmer experience, resulting in challenges such as delayed disease detection, inefficient feeding strategies, and limited access to veterinary expertise. Although artificial intelligence (AI)–based livestock management solutions have been widely explored in prior studies, most existing approaches are either function-specific, technologically complex, or insufficiently localized for smallholder farmers in developing contexts. This study aims to analyze and synthesize existing literature to identify how AI-driven health monitoring, disease prediction, and nutrition planning techniques can be integrated into a unified, farmer-friendly mobile platform suitable for Sri Lanka. A structured literature review and secondary data analysis were conducted to examine prior research on computer vision-based health monitoring, machine learning based disease prediction, and AI-assisted nutrition planning in livestock systems. The analysis indicates that machine learning models show strong potential for early disease detection, while sensor and image-based monitoring techniques effectively identify abnormal animal behaviour. Additionally, rule-based, and data-driven nutrition planning approaches have been reported to improve feed efficiency and productivity. However, challenges related to data availability, infrastructure limitations, model localization, and farmer accessibility remain significant barriers to practical implementation. Based on these findings, this study proposes a conceptual AI-powered mobile application framework without system implementation, providing design insights and research directions for future development. Finally, the study contributes to the field by identifying research gaps and offering a structured foundation for developing context-aware AI solutions to enhance livestock productivity, animal welfare, and decision-making in Sri Lanka.