In-Vitro Evaluation of Gastroprotective Activity and Phytochemical Screening of the Aqueous Leaf Extract of Cyclea peltate
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Date
2022Author
Fernando, MJJH
Ilangamge, SC
Wimalan, A
Halahakoon, HMAJ
Nelumdeniya, NRM
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Cyclea peltata (Kahipiththan in Sinhala) (C. peltata) is a climbing shrub that belongs
to the family Menispermaceae. When the leaf extract is mixed with water, it forms
an edible gel that is consumed to treat gastrointestinal ulcers in traditional
medicine. Since there is no scientific evidence of its use in peptic ulcer disease (PUD),
this preliminary study was conducted to assess the gastroprotective activity of the
C. peltata aqueous leaf extract (gel) in vitro. A qualitative phytochemical screening
was carried out initially and then the preliminary antacid test, neutralizing effect on
artificial gastric juice and the acid neutralization capacity were determined for
aqueous leaf extract at 3 different concentrations (0.05 g/mL-CPLG5, 0.1 g/mLCPLG10,
0.15 g/mL-CPLG15) against positive and negative controls; sodium
bicarbonate (SB=09mg/mL) and distilled water, respectively. The physical barrier
property (using modified Franz cell method) and the absorption ability of artificial
gastric juice for CPLG15 were further evaluated. The phytochemical screening
revealed the presence of gum and mucilage; phenols, tannins; saponins, and
flavonoids. CPLG15 gave the highest preliminary antacid test result (pH=1.35±0.01
at 28±2 °C; SB=1.84 ± 0.01), neutralizing effect (pH=1.76±0.01 at 28±2 °C; SB=5.64
± 0.07), and neutralization capacity (H+=0.6414±0.0481 mmol; SB=3.7815536 ±
0.063515). All CPLG5, CPLG10, and CPLG15 gave mild to moderate antacid effects
upon evaluation, and it was concluded that C. peltata leaf gel demonstrates strong
gastroprotective function through the combination of antacid effect and barrier
property (pH difference; CPLG=1.88, Positive control=0.15). The gel also had no
absorption effect of artificial gastric juice and might be a candidate to develop herbal
antacid preparation, but further investigations are needed to formulate such.