Artificial Intelligence in the Criminal Justice System: A Literature Review and a Survey

Abstract

Companies, governments and security services around the world are now trying to use artificial intelligence to detect and prevent crime. Studies have shown that crime is predictable. The need is to just filter out large amounts of data to get useful legal patterns. These types of predictions were a dream just a few decades ago. However, there is much hope now, as we learn from the fast-paced development of Artificial Intelligence (AI). When it comes to why governments and corporations are willing to try to use AI in this way, a summary of the key findings is as follows: It is estimated that in 2018, national and local governments have spent $ 119 billion on the police, $ 81 billion on repairs (3%), and $ 49 billion on the courts (2%). AI has the potential to be a permanent part of our justice environment, providing assistance in investigating and allowing criminal justice professionals to better maintain public safety. The main intention and aspiration of this research is to let people be aware about AI and how it can be successfully applied to achieve excellent results in criminal justice systems, not only to detect crimes but to also predict them and prevent them from occurring. On the other hand, the extended part of this research explores the thought of measuring the ability and the possibility of applying AI in the Sri Lankan criminal justice system.